10. Editing: step by step

TR / TRIM

1. ①
   Type TR → Enter.
2. ②
   Click the cutting edge (the boundary you will trim back to). Press Enter with nothing selected = every object becomes a cutting edge.
3. ③
   Bring the cursor near the line you want to trim and a red preview appears. Click = that part is trimmed away. Enter = finish.

• Select objects first and then press TR = “trim them all”. Whatever sticks out beyond the lines you selected is trimmed off together, with one Enter. (We call this laying siege = driving out whatever has strayed outside.)
• Things that can be a cutting edge: lines, circles, arcs, polylines, ellipses and splines. Even curves cut exactly (dimensions and text cannot be cutting edges).
• Things that can be trimmed: lines, circles, arcs, ellipses, polylines and splines. Trim an ellipse and you get an elliptical arc; trim a closed polyline and you get one open polyline.
• Splines can be cut too. Cutting does not move the shape by a hair (the skeleton of the curve is rebuilt so that it follows exactly the same path). The piece you cut off does, however, let go of its record of fit points = after cutting, that piece no longer snaps to them (the two ends can still be caught, as before). A closed spline cannot be cut yet (you will be told why).

TR → Tab: erasing everything inside an enclosure, in one move

This is exactly the reverse of trimming everything.

Where trim-them-all drives out what sticks out beyond the enclosure, this erases what lies inside it.

They are two faces of the same job, so the tool lives inside trim.

The surest way

1. ①
   Click the line of the enclosure (a circle, a rectangle) to select it. For an enclosure made of several lines, such as a rectangle, double-click a line and the whole connected run is selected.
2. ②
   Press トリム (Trim) on the ribbon (typing TR → Enter is the same).
3. ③
   Press Tab and it switches to “erase inside”. Press Tab again to go back to trimming.
4. ④
   What will vanish turns red, and the enclosure is outlined in amber. Enter = do it. Esc = give up.

※ Tab appears only when you entered with a closed enclosure selected. If it does not appear, the enclosure is broken somewhere.

Another way in: click inside

Type 中を消す (erase inside) → Enter (it is on the flick shelf too).

Called with nothing selected, it looks for the enclosure from a single click inside.

⚠️ Note, though, that if lines cross the enclosure, you get the small rooms they divide it into (the crossing lines act as partitions). To erase all the lines inside at once, use “The surest way” above.

• Lines that straddle the enclosure are cut at the enclosure, and only the part inside vanishes (there is no need to trim them first).
• Circles, rectangles, rounded shapes, shapes built up from several lines — any of them can be the enclosure.
• Closed splines and ellipses can be enclosures too (inside a curve, in one go).
• The contents of a shape floating inside it (an island) are not erased.
• Text and dimensions cannot be cut, so they vanish only when they lie wholly inside. Those that straddle are left, and the history tells you how many.
• One press of U brings the whole lot back.

DIV / DIVIDE (division points)

1. ①
   Type DIV → Enter. Click the object to divide.
2. ③
   Type the number of divisions into the Command Line (4, say) → Enter. Points appear at equal intervals.

• Lines, circles, arcs and polylines can be divided. A polyline is divided by equal arc length along its whole run (not by the number of edges). A closed shape gets exactly count points; an open one gets count-1, with none at the two ends.

EX / EXTEND

1. ①
   Type EX → Enter.
2. ②
   Click the boundary (Enter with nothing selected = every object).
3. ③
   Click the end of the line you want extended, on the side it should grow (a green preview appears). Enter = finish.

O / OFFSET

1. ①
   Type O 150 → Enter (= a parallel line 150 away).
2. ②
   When the line appears on the side you want it, click. You can go on producing them. A number → Enter changes the spacing. Right-click = finish.

Circles and arcs become concentric.

• A polyline (a rectangle too) fattens or thins as a whole, in parallel. The corners are dealt with automatically = the setting-out of a wall in one move. A rectangle with rounded corners follows too, its radius growing (or shrinking) with it. ⚠️ A spacing that will not fit inside is refused, with the reason. ⚠️ Only shapes where arcs meet at a corner cannot be offset yet.

F / FILLET / CHA (chamfer)

1. ①
   F 15 → Enter (radius 15) / CHA 10 → Enter (cut back 10).
2. ②
   Click the first line.
3. ③
   Click the second line, on the side you want to keep.

• The corners of a polyline (a rectangle too) are rounded the same way. For the second and third steps, click two neighbouring edges of the same polyline. ⚠️ The object stays single and nothing is added (the arc goes inside the polyline). Radius 0 (joining a corner) is for lines only — the corners of a polyline are joined already, so decide the radius or the chamfer size first. A corner where the neighbour is an arc cannot be made yet (the screen tells you why).

CO / COPY / M / MOVE

1. ①
   Select the objects → type CO (copy) or M (move) → Enter.
2. ②
   Click the base point (where you take hold; use a point that snaps, such as the corner of a column).
3. ③
   Click the destination (numbers such as @1000,0 work too).

Copy goes on placing. Right-click = finish. You can paste into another tab as well.

S / STRETCH

“Move this wall 200 further back” — a tool that stretches only the ends you enclosed.

1. ①
   Type S → Enter (ストレッチ (Stretch) on the ribbon does the same).
2. ②
   Enclose the end you want stretched with a crossing window. Click one corner → click the opposite one (press, drag and release also works).
3. ③
   Click the base point (use a point that snaps, such as the centre line of a column).
4. ④
   Click where it should reach. A number such as 200 → Enter works, and so does a coordinate such as @200,0. Ortho on = exactly horizontal or vertical (in practice this is nearly always what you want).

• Objects that fell entirely inside the window move whole (= the same as a move).
• A line only half caught by the window has just the enclosed end moved = the line stretches or shortens. This is the heart of the tool.
• Dimensions stretch along with it, and their numbers change by themselves (4550 becomes 4750). The knack is to enclose the wall and its dimension together.
• Circles, arcs, ellipses, text and blocks move whole without changing shape (as long as their centre or insertion point is inside the window).
• Hatching moves only when it was enclosed whole. We do not make a fill whose shape has been distorted — correcting the shape and hatching it again is the surer way.
• Esc and right-click each go back one step (the drawing is untouched).

The commonest stumble: the line “bends”

A line only half caught has just the enclosed end moved. So if you put that end down at an angle, the line goes to an angle (an upright wall leans).

You have not done anything wrong; that is what the tool is — the same thing happens in other CAD programs.

• Turn on F8 (ortho) and it moves horizontally and vertically only. For the everyday “move the wall back 200”, this is nearly always right.
• The screen warns you before you place it: while you are looking for where to reach, any line whose angle would change is previewed in amber, and the prompt beside the cursor says “placing it here will change the angle of the amber line”. When amber appears, press F8 or take the window again.
• When you want to stretch a single line while keeping its angle, this is not the tool: use a grip (select the line and take hold of the blue square at its end), or EX (extend).

RO / ROTATE

1. ①
   Select → RO → Enter. Click the base point of the rotation.
2. ③
   Turn it and click. A number + Enter gives the angle. Touch a line and you can borrow that line's direction.

SC / SCALE

1. ①
   Select the objects → SC → Enter (拡大縮小 (Scale) on the ribbon does the same).
2. ②
   Click the base point. ⚠️ This is the one point that does not move. Where you hold it decides which way things grow (hold the bottom-left of a part and it grows up and to the right).
3. ③
   Drag to set the factor and click, or type a number + Enter (2, or 0.5). The faint ring marks “×1.00”. Outside the ring is bigger, inside it is smaller. The factor is shown beside the cursor. Expressions work too (3640/2 does not mean a factor of 1820 — it means 1820).

※ Text heights, dimension arrows, hatch patterns and block scales all grow and shrink with it (everything that lives on the drawing goes together).

※ When you want to change the measure of the whole drawing, use CAL (unit scaling). That one stretches the dimension styles and the dash spacing as well.

※ To flip something over, use MI. SC takes positive factors only.

MI / MIRROR

1. ①
   Select the objects → MI → Enter (鏡像 (Mirror) on the ribbon does the same).
2. ②
   Click the first point of the mirror axis (use a point that snaps, such as the centre line of a column).
3. ③
   Click the second point = the mirror image is born on the other side of the axis. Ortho on = the axis exactly horizontal or vertical (which is what a symmetrical plan wants).

The original stays. If you want it gone, note that the original is still selected right after placing, so simply press E (erase) = a mirror that moves.

Text stays the right way round in the mirror = the notes on your drawing do not come out backwards (the same convention as standard practice in CAD).

AR (array) / PAR (polar array)

• AR 3,4 → Enter = 3 rows, 4 columns. Base point → click where you want the next one to sit, and that offset becomes the spacing in both directions. To lay them out to the left or downward, simply point below and to the left of the base point.
• PAR 8 → Enter = 8 around a circle. Click the centre. PAR 8 180 = 8 in a 180° fan. PAR 8 360 N = distributed without rotating them.

Take-off (ひろい / HIROI / BOM)

Counts the block references placed on the drawing, by name.

Frame 1800×48, brace ×90 — the “take-off” of the site.

The table is read out into the log, and the names and counts go to the clipboard.

⌘V into a spreadsheet lays them out in two columns = ready to be the basis of an order or a loading list.

拾い 表 (take-off table) / 拾い CSV

拾い 表 = builds the summary table (name | count | total) on the drawing.

The frame follows your cursor; click where the top-left should go.

It is made of TEXT and lines = it reads straight in another CAD program if you hand over the DXF, and it goes on the sheet you print as a temporary-works plan. One press of U takes the whole table back. The text size can be given, as in 拾い 表 5 (with none given, it matches the dimension text height).

拾い CSV = writes it out to a comma-separated file.

Tables (ひょう / TABLE)

Legends, revision blocks, material schedules, finish schedules — set the frame, then fill in the text.

表 貼り付け (paste table) = builds a table you copied in a spreadsheet (select the range and press ⌘C) straight onto the drawing. Columns of numbers align to the right. To correct it, correct it in the spreadsheet and do it again.

表 5 3 = assembles a frame of 5 rows and 3 columns on the spot. Click where the top-left goes and the grid appears, ready to type into. Tab = the next cell / Shift+Tab = the previous cell (it wraps round at the ends) ↑↓ = the cell above or below / Enter = the row below / ←→ = within the text of a cell To accept = 「✓ 確定」 below the frame, or Ctrl(⌘)+Enter To give up = Esc (the drawing does not change by a hair).

The column widths grow to fit what you type = the grid you see is exactly what will be placed.

The text size can be given at the end, as in 表 貼り付け 5 or 表 5 3 7 (with none given, it matches the dimension text height).

A finished table is nothing but text and lines = moving it, changing its layer, handing it over as DXF, all with the usual tools. One press of U takes the whole table back.

Excluding things (ヨケ / YOKE)

よけ 寸法 (exclude dimensions) = window and crossing selection stop picking up dimensions.

For when you want to grab only the geometry out of a scaffold drawing, as material for a copy or an array. A single click still selects as before = the way to the dimensions themselves is not blocked.

よけ 寸法 again turns it off. While it is on, the prompt beside the cursor keeps saying so.

ISO / isometric

1. ①
   Select the objects → ISO → Enter. Click the base point of the drawing.
2. ③
   Click where it goes = a copy leaning to the isometric angles is placed (the original stays). F5 turns the face (left, top, right).

※ What can be carried across at present is lines (circles, arcs, text and dimensions are still to come).

APPINT / apparent intersection

Select two or more lines, right-click → 仮想交点 (Apparent intersection) (APPINT does the same).

It puts a point where the lines would meet if they were extended.

⌥-click adds and removes references one at a time. Esc = stop.

J / JOIN

Select lines that lie in a straight line and touch end to end, press J → Enter = they become one.

LIST

Select an object and type LIST → Enter = its contents (type, layer, colour, linetype, coordinates, length) are read out into the history.

To study it at leisure, or to dress it differently, use PR (the Properties panel).

PR / Properties (retyping the numbers)

Select an object and right-click → プロパティ (Properties) (PR does the same) = the panel opens, and with a single object selected the lower part lists its Geometry (coordinates and sizes).

• A field with a frame = press it and it becomes ready on the spot. Type a number, press Enter, and the object itself changes (a circle's radius, diameter or area; text height, rotation or position; the start and end of a line). Expressions work (3640/2). U undoes it.
• A grey field = read-only (the length or angle of a line, and so on: a number that cannot decide which end should move is not accepted).
• Press 内容 (Contents) on text and the on-the-spot retyping (DDEDIT) opens.